• How does Stable Diffusion work?

    ,

    https://stable-diffusion-art.com/how-stable-diffusion-work/

    Stable Diffusion is a latent diffusion model that generates AI images from text. Instead of operating in the high-dimensional image space, it first compresses the image into the latent space.

    Stable Diffusion belongs to a class of deep learning models called diffusion models. They are generative models, meaning they are designed to generate new data similar to what they have seen in training. In the case of Stable Diffusion, the data are images.

    Why is it called the diffusion model? Because its math looks very much like diffusion in physics. Let’s go through the idea.

    (more…)
  • copypastecharacter.com – alphabets, special characters, alt codes and symbols library

    , ,

    https://www.copypastecharacter.com

      https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/alt-codes-special-characters-keyboard-symbols-windows-list/

    Most used ones:

    Alt + 0149   •  bullet point
    Alt + 0153   ™  trademark symbol
    Alt + 0169  ©  copyright symbol
    Alt + 0174  ®  registered ­ trademark symbol
    Alt + 0176  °  degree symbol
    Alt + 0177   ±  plus-or-minus sign
    Alt + 0215  ×  multi­plication sign
    Alt + 12  ♀  female sign
    Alt + 11  ♂  m­ale sign
    Alt + 13  ♪  e­ighth note
    Alt + 14  ♫  ­beamed eighth note
    Alt + 251  √  square root check mark
    Alt + 8236  ∞   ­infinity
    Alt + 24  ↑  up arrow
    Alt + 25  ↓  down arrow
    Alt + 26  →  ri­ght arrow
    Alt + 27  ←  l­eft arrow
    Alt + 29  ↔  lef­t right arrow
    Alt + 94 ^

     

    All of them:

    ૱ ꠸ ┯ ┰ ┱ ┲ ❗ ► ◄ Ă ă 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Ǖ ǖ Ꞁ ¤ ­ Ð ¢ ℥ Ω ℧ K ℶ ℷ ℸ ⅇ ⅊ ⚌ ⚍ ⚎ ⚏ ⚭ ⚮ ⌀ ⏑ ⏒ ⏓ ⏔ ⏕ ⏖ ⏗ ⏘ ⏙ ⏠ ⏡ ⏦ ᶀ ᶁ ᶂ ᶃ ᶄ ᶆ ᶇ ᶈ ᶉ ᶊ ᶋ ᶌ ᶍ ᶎ ᶏ ᶐ ᶑ ᶒ ᶓ ᶔ ᶕ ᶖ ᶗ ᶘ ᶙ ᶚ ᶸ ᵯ ᵰ ᵴ ᵶ ᵹ ᵼ ᵽ ᵾ ᵿ     ‌ ‍ ‎ ‏   ⁁ ⁊         ⸜ ⸝ ¶ ¥ £ ⅕ ⅙ ⅛ ⅔ ⅖ ⅗ ⅘ ⅜ ⅚ ⅐ ⅝ ↉ ⅓ ⅑ ⅒ ⅞ ← ↑ → ↓ ↔ ↕ ↖ ↗ ↘ ↙ ↚ ↛ ↜ ↝ ↞ ↟ ↠ ↡ ↢ ↣ ↤ ↥ ↦ ↧ ↨ ↩ ↪ ↫ ↬ ↭ ↮ ↯ ↰ ↱ ↲ ↳ ↴ ↵ ↶ ↷ ↸ ↹ ↺ ↻ ↼ ↽ ↾ ↿ ⇀ ⇁ ⇂ ⇃ ⇄ ⇅ ⇆ ⇇ ⇈ ⇉ ⇊ ⇋ ⇌ ⇍ ⇎ ⇏ ⇐ ⇑ ⇒ ⇓ ⇔ ⇕ ⇖ ⇗ ⇘ ⇙ ⇚ ⇛ ⇜ ⇝ ⇞ ⇟ ⇠ ⇡ ⇢ ⇣ ⇤ ⇥ ⇦ ⇨ ⇩ ⇪ ⇧ ⇫ ⇬ ⇭ ⇮ ⇯ ⇰ ⇱ ⇲ ⇳ ⇴ ⇵ ⇶ ⇷ ⇸ ⇹ ⇺ ⇻ ⇼ ⇽ ⇾ ⇿ ⟰ ⟱ ⟲ ⟳ ⟴ ⟵ ⟶ ⟷ ⟸ ⟹ ⟺ ⟻ ⟼ ⟽ ⟾ ⟿ ⤀ ⤁ ⤂ ⤃ ⤄ ⤅ ⤆ ⤇ ⤈ ⤉ ⤊ ⤋ ⤌ ⤍ ⤎ ⤏ ⤐ ⤑ ⤒ ⤓ ⤔ ⤕ ⤖ ⤗ ⤘ ⤙ ⤚ ⤛ ⤜ ⤝ ⤞ ⤟ ⤠ ⤡ ⤢ ⤣ ⤤ ⤥ ⤦ ⤧ ⤨ ⤩ ⤪ ⤫ ⤬ ⤭ ⤮ ⤯ ⤰ ⤱ ⤲ ⤳ ⤴ ⤵ ⤶ ⤷ ⤸ ⤹ ⤺ ⤻ ⤼ ⤽ ⤾ ⤿ ⥀ ⥁ ⥂ ⥃ ⥄ ⥅ ⥆ ⥇ ⥈ ⥉ ⥊ ⥋ ⥌ ⥍ ⥎ ⥏ ⥐ ⥑ ⥒ ⥓ ⥔ ⥕ ⥖ ⥗ ⥘ ⥙ ⥚ ⥛ ⥜ ⥝ ⥞ ⥟ ⥠ ⥡ ⥢ ⥣ ⥤ ⥥ ⥦ ⥧ ⥨ ⥩ ⥪ ⥫ ⥬ ⥭ ⥮ ⥯ ⥰ ⥱ ⥲ ⥳ ⥴ ⥵ ⥶ ⥷ ⥸ ⥹ ⥺ ⥻ ⥼ ⥽ ⥾ ⥿ ➔ ➘ ➙ ➚ ➛ ➜ ➝ ➞ ➝ ➞ ➟ ➠ ➡ ➢ ➣ ➤ ➥ ➦ ➧ ➨ ➩ ➩ ➪ ➫ ➬ ➭ ➮ ➯ ➱ ➲ ➳ ➴ ➵ ➶ ➷ ➸ ➹ ➺ ➻ ➼ ➽ ➾ ⬀ ⬁ ⬂ ⬃ ⬄ ⬅ ⬆ ⬇ ⬈ ⬉ ⬊ ⬋ ⬌ ⬍ ⬎ ⬏ ⬐ ⬑ ☇ ☈ ⏎ ⍃ ⍄ ⍅ ⍆ ⍇ ⍈ ⍐ ⍗ ⍌ ⍓ ⍍ ⍔ ⍏ ⍖ ♾ ⎌ ☊ ☋ ☌ ☍ ⌃ ⌄ ⌤ ⌅ ⌆ ⌇ ⚋ ⚊ ⌌ ⌍ ⌎ ⌏ ⌐ ⌑ ⌔ ⌕ ⌗ ⌙ ⌢ ⌣ ⌯ ⌬ ⌭ ⌮ ⌖ ⌰ ⌱ ⌲ ⌳ ⌴ ⌵ ⌶ ⌷ ⌸ ⌹ ⌺ ⌻ ⌼ ⍯ ⍰ ⌽ ⌾ ⌿ ⍀ ⍁ ⍂ ⍉ ⍊ ⍋ ⍎ ⍏ ⍑ ⍒ ⍕ ⍖ ⍘ ⍙ ⍚ ⍛ ⍜ ⍝ ⍞ ⍠ ⍟ ⍡ ⍢ ⍣ ⍤ ⍥ ⍨ ⍩ ⍦ ⍧ ⍬ ⍿ ⍪ ⍮ ⍫ ⍱ ⍲ ⍭ ⍳ ⍴ ⍵ ⍶ ⍷ ⍸ ⍹ ⍺ ⍼ ⍽ ⍾ ⎀ ⎁ ⎂ ⎃ ⎄ ⎅ ⎆ ⎉ ⎊ ⎋ ⎍ ⎎ ⎏ ⎐ ⎑ ⎒ ⎓ ⎔ ⎕ ⏣ ⌓ ⏥ ⏢ ⎖ ⎲ ⎳ ⎴ ⎵ ⎶ ⎸ ⎹ ⎺ ⎻ ⎼ ⎽ ⎾ ⎿ ⏀ ⏁ ⏂ ⏃ ⏄ ⏅ ⏆ ⏇ ⏈ ⏉ ⏉ ⏋ ⏌ ⏍ ⏐ ⏤ ⏚ ⏛ Ⓝ ℰ ⓦ !       ⌘ « » ‹ › ‘ ’ “ ” „ ‚ ❝ ❞ £ ¥ € $ ¢ ¬ ¶ @ § ® © ™ ° × π ± √ ‰ Ω ∞ ≈ ÷ ~ ≠ ¹ ² ³ ½ ¼ ¾ ‐ – — | ⁄ \ [ ] { } † ‡ … · • ●  ⌥ ⌃ ⇧ ↩ ¡ ¿ ‽ ⁂ ∴ ∵ ◊ ※ ← → ↑ ↓ ☜ ☞ ☝ ☟ ✔ ★ ☆ ♺ ☼ ☂ ☺ ☹ ☃ ✉ ✿ ✄ ✈ ✌ ✎ ♠ ♦ ♣ ♥ ♪ ♫ ♯ ♀ ♂ α ß Á á À à Å å Ä ä Æ æ Ç ç É é È è Ê ê Í í Ì ì Î î Ñ ñ Ó ó Ò ò Ô ô Ö ö Ø ø Ú ú Ù ù Ü ü Ž ž ₳ ฿ ¢ € ₡ ¢ ₢ ₵ ₫ £ £ ₤ ₣ ƒ ₲ ₭ ₥ ₦ ₱ $ $ ₮ ₩ ₩ ¥ ¥ ₴ ₰ ¤ ៛ ₪ ₯ ₠ ₧ ₨ ௹ ﷼ ㍐ ৲ ৳ ~ ƻ Ƽ ƽ ¹ ¸ ¬ ¨ ɂ ǁ ¯ Ɂ ǂ ¡ ´ ° ꟾ ¦ } { | . , · ] ) [ / _ \ ¿ º § ” * – + ( ! & % $ ¼ ¾ ½ ¶ © ® @ ẟ Ɀ ` Ȿ ^ ꜠ ꜡ ỻ ‘ = : ; < ꞌ Ꞌ ꞊ ꞁ ꞈ ꞉ > ? ÷ ℾ ℿ ℔ ℩ ℉ ⅀ ℈ þ ð Þ µ ª ꝋ ꜿ Ꜿ ⱽ ⱺ ⱹ ⱷ ⱶ Ⱶ ⱴ ⱱ Ɒ ⱦ ȶ ȴ ȣ Ȣ ȡ ȝ Ȝ ț ȋ Ȋ ȉ Ȉ ǯ Ǯ ǃ ǀ ƿ ƾ ƺ ƹ Ƹ Ʒ Ʋ ư ƪ ƣ Ƣ Ɵ ƛ Ɩ ƕ ƍ ſ ỽ ⸀ ⸁ ⸂ ⸃ ⸄ ⸅ ⸆ ⸇ ⸈ ⸉ ⸊ ⸋ ⸌ ⸍ ⸎ ⸏ ⸐ ⸑ ⸒ ⸔ ⸕ ▲ ▼ ◀ ▶ ◢ ◣ ◥ ◤ △ ▽ ◿ ◺ ◹ ◸ ▴ ▾ ◂ ▸ ▵ ▿ ◃ ▹ ◁ ▷ ◅ ▻ ◬ ⟁ ⧋ ⧊ ⊿ ∆ ∇ ◭ ◮ ⧩ ⧨ ⌔ ⟐ ◇ ◆ ◈ ⬖ ⬗ ⬘ ⬙ ⬠ ⬡ ⎔ ⋄ ◊ ⧫ ⬢ ⬣ ▰ ▪ ◼ ▮ ◾ ▗ ▖ ■ ∎ ▃ ▄ ▅ ▆ ▇ █ ▌ ▐ ▍ ▎ ▉ ▊ ▋ ❘ ❙ ❚ ▀ ▘ ▝ ▙ ▚ ▛ ▜ ▟ ▞ ░ ▒ ▓ ▂ ▁ ▬ ▔ ▫ ▯ ▭ ▱ ◽ □ ◻ ▢ ⊞ ⊡ ⊟ ⊠ ▣ ▤ ▥ ▦ ⬚ ▧ ▨ ▩ ⬓ ◧ ⬒ ◨ ◩ ◪ ⬔ ⬕ ❏ ❐ ❑ ❒ ⧈ ◰ ◱ ◳ ◲ ◫ ⧇ ⧅ ⧄ ⍁ ⍂ ⟡ ⧉ ⚬ ○ ⚪ ◌ ◍ ◎ ◯ ❍ ◉ ⦾ ⊙ ⦿ ⊜ ⊖ ⊘ ⊚ ⊛ ⊝ ● ⚫ ⦁ ◐ ◑ ◒ ◓ ◔ ◕ ⦶ ⦸ ◵ ◴ ◶ ◷ ⊕ ⊗ ⦇ ⦈ ⦉ ⦊ ❨ ❩ ⸨ ⸩ ◖ ◗ ❪ ❫ ❮ ❯ ❬ ❭ ❰ ❱ ⊏ ⊐ ⊑ ⊒ ◘ ◙ ◚ ◛ ◜ ◝ ◞ ◟ ◠ ◡ ⋒ ⋓ ⋐ ⋑ ╰ ╮ ╭ ╯ ⌒ ╳ ✕ ╱ ╲ ⧸ ⧹ ⌓ ◦ ❖ ✖ ✚ ✜

    (more…)
  • Scientists claim to have discovered ‘new colour’ no one has seen before: Olo

    https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/clyq0n3em41o

    By stimulating specific cells in the retina, the participants claim to have witnessed a blue-green colour that scientists have called “olo”, but some experts have said the existence of a new colour is “open to argument”.

    The findings, published in the journal Science Advances on Friday, have been described by the study’s co-author, Prof Ren Ng from the University of California, as “remarkable”.

    (A) System inputs. (i) Retina map of 103 cone cells preclassified by spectral type (7). (ii) Target visual percept (here, a video of a child, see movie S1 at 1:04). (iii) Infrared cellular-scale imaging of the retina with 60-frames-per-second rolling shutter. Fixational eye movement is visible over the three frames shown.

    (B) System outputs. (iv) Real-time per-cone target activation levels to reproduce the target percept, computed by: extracting eye motion from the input video relative to the retina map; identifying the spectral type of every cone in the field of view; computing the per-cone activation the target percept would have produced. (v) Intensities of visible-wavelength 488-nm laser microdoses at each cone required to achieve its target activation level.

    (C) Infrared imaging and visible-wavelength stimulation are physically accomplished in a raster scan across the retinal region using AOSLO. By modulating the visible-wavelength beam’s intensity, the laser microdoses shown in (v) are delivered. Drawing adapted with permission [Harmening and Sincich (54)].

    (D) Examples of target percepts with corresponding cone activations and laser microdoses, ranging from colored squares to complex imagery. Teal-striped regions represent the color “olo” of stimulating only M cones.