COMPOSITION
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Cinematographers Blueprint 300dpi posterRead more: Cinematographers Blueprint 300dpi posterThe 300dpi digital poster is now available to all PixelSham.com subscribers. If you have already subscribed and wish a copy, please send me a note through the contact page. 
DESIGN
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Cosmic Motors book by Daniel SimonRead more: Cosmic Motors book by Daniel Simonhttp://danielsimon.com/cosmic-motors-the-book/ Book Cover Cosmic Motors, Copyright by Cosmic Motors LLC / Daniel Simon www.danielsimon.com 
COLOR
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Willem Zwarthoed – Aces gamut in VFX production pdfRead more: Willem Zwarthoed – Aces gamut in VFX production pdfhttps://www.provideocoalition.com/color-management-part-12-introducing-aces/ Local copy: 
 https://www.slideshare.net/hpduiker/acescg-a-common-color-encoding-for-visual-effects-applications 
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Black Body color aka the Planckian Locus curve for white point eye perceptionRead more: Black Body color aka the Planckian Locus curve for white point eye perceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black-body_radiation  Black-body radiation is the type of electromagnetic radiation within or surrounding a body in thermodynamic equilibrium with its environment, or emitted by a black body (an opaque and non-reflective body) held at constant, uniform temperature. The radiation has a specific spectrum and intensity that depends only on the temperature of the body. A black-body at room temperature appears black, as most of the energy it radiates is infra-red and cannot be perceived by the human eye. At higher temperatures, black bodies glow with increasing intensity and colors that range from dull red to blindingly brilliant blue-white as the temperature increases. (more…)
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Tim Kang – calibrated white light values in sRGB color spaceRead more: Tim Kang – calibrated white light values in sRGB color space8bit sRGB encoded 
 2000K 255 139 22
 2700K 255 172 89
 3000K 255 184 109
 3200K 255 190 122
 4000K 255 211 165
 4300K 255 219 178
 D50 255 235 205
 D55 255 243 224
 D5600 255 244 227
 D6000 255 249 240
 D65 255 255 255
 D10000 202 221 255
 D20000 166 196 2558bit Rec709 Gamma 2.4 
 2000K 255 145 34
 2700K 255 177 97
 3000K 255 187 117
 3200K 255 193 129
 4000K 255 214 170
 4300K 255 221 182
 D50 255 236 208
 D55 255 243 226
 D5600 255 245 229
 D6000 255 250 241
 D65 255 255 255
 D10000 204 222 255
 D20000 170 199 2558bit Display P3 encoded 
 2000K 255 154 63
 2700K 255 185 109
 3000K 255 195 127
 3200K 255 201 138
 4000K 255 219 176
 4300K 255 225 187
 D50 255 239 212
 D55 255 245 228
 D5600 255 246 231
 D6000 255 251 242
 D65 255 255 255
 D10000 208 223 255
 D20000 175 199 25510bit Rec2020 PQ (100 nits) 
 2000K 520 435 273
 2700K 520 466 358
 3000K 520 475 384
 3200K 520 480 399
 4000K 520 495 446
 4300K 520 500 458
 D50 520 510 482
 D55 520 514 497
 D5600 520 514 500
 D6000 520 517 509
 D65 520 520 520
 D10000 479 489 520
 D20000 448 464 520
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sRGB vs REC709 – An introduction and FFmpeg implementationsRead more: sRGB vs REC709 – An introduction and FFmpeg implementations 1. Basic Comparison- What they are
- sRGB: A standard “web”/computer-display RGB color space defined by IEC 61966-2-1. It’s used for most monitors, cameras, printers, and the vast majority of images on the Internet.
- Rec. 709: An HD-video color space defined by ITU-R BT.709. It’s the go-to standard for HDTV broadcasts, Blu-ray discs, and professional video pipelines.
 
- Why they exist
- sRGB: Ensures consistent colors across different consumer devices (PCs, phones, webcams).
- Rec. 709: Ensures consistent colors across video production and playback chains (cameras → editing → broadcast → TV).
 
- What you’ll see
- On your desktop or phone, images tagged sRGB will look “right” without extra tweaking.
- On an HDTV or video-editing timeline, footage tagged Rec. 709 will display accurate contrast and hue on broadcast-grade monitors.
 
 
 2. Digging DeeperFeature sRGB Rec. 709 White point D65 (6504 K), same for both D65 (6504 K) Primaries (x,y) R: (0.640, 0.330) G: (0.300, 0.600) B: (0.150, 0.060) R: (0.640, 0.330) G: (0.300, 0.600) B: (0.150, 0.060) Gamut size Identical triangle on CIE 1931 chart Identical to sRGB Gamma / transfer Piecewise curve: approximate 2.2 with linear toe Pure power-law γ≈2.4 (often approximated as 2.2 in practice) Matrix coefficients N/A (pure RGB usage) Y = 0.2126 R + 0.7152 G + 0.0722 B (Rec. 709 matrix) Typical bit-depth 8-bit/channel (with 16-bit variants) 8-bit/channel (10-bit for professional video) Usage metadata Tagged as “sRGB” in image files (PNG, JPEG, etc.) Tagged as “bt709” in video containers (MP4, MOV) Color range Full-range RGB (0–255) Studio-range Y′CbCr (Y′ [16–235], Cb/Cr [16–240]) 
 Why the Small Differences Matter(more…)
- What they are
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Björn Ottosson – OKlch color spaceRead more: Björn Ottosson – OKlch color spaceBjörn Ottosson proposed OKlch in 2020 to create a color space that can closely mimic how color is perceived by the human eye, predicting perceived lightness, chroma, and hue. The OK in OKLCH stands for Optimal Color. - L: Lightness (the perceived brightness of the color)
- C: Chroma (the intensity or saturation of the color)
- H: Hue (the actual color, such as red, blue, green, etc.)
  Also read: 
LIGHTING
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DiffusionLight: HDRI Light Probes for Free by Painting a Chrome BallRead more: DiffusionLight: HDRI Light Probes for Free by Painting a Chrome Ballhttps://diffusionlight.github.io/ https://github.com/DiffusionLight/DiffusionLight https://github.com/DiffusionLight/DiffusionLight?tab=MIT-1-ov-file#readme https://colab.research.google.com/drive/15pC4qb9mEtRYsW3utXkk-jnaeVxUy-0S “a simple yet effective technique to estimate lighting in a single input image. Current techniques rely heavily on HDR panorama datasets to train neural networks to regress an input with limited field-of-view to a full environment map. However, these approaches often struggle with real-world, uncontrolled settings due to the limited diversity and size of their datasets. To address this problem, we leverage diffusion models trained on billions of standard images to render a chrome ball into the input image. Despite its simplicity, this task remains challenging: the diffusion models often insert incorrect or inconsistent objects and cannot readily generate images in HDR format. Our research uncovers a surprising relationship between the appearance of chrome balls and the initial diffusion noise map, which we utilize to consistently generate high-quality chrome balls. We further fine-tune an LDR difusion model (Stable Diffusion XL) with LoRA, enabling it to perform exposure bracketing for HDR light estimation. Our method produces convincing light estimates across diverse settings and demonstrates superior generalization to in-the-wild scenarios.”  
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Gamma correctionRead more: Gamma correction http://www.normankoren.com/makingfineprints1A.html#Gammabox https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_correction http://www.photoscientia.co.uk/Gamma.htm https://www.w3.org/Graphics/Color/sRGB.html http://www.eizoglobal.com/library/basics/lcd_display_gamma/index.html https://forum.reallusion.com/PrintTopic308094.aspx Basically, gamma is the relationship between the brightness of a pixel as it appears on the screen, and the numerical value of that pixel. Generally Gamma is just about defining relationships. Three main types: 
 – Image Gamma encoded in images
 – Display Gammas encoded in hardware and/or viewing time
 – System or Viewing Gamma which is the net effect of all gammas when you look back at a final image. In theory this should flatten back to 1.0 gamma.
 (more…)
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Rec-2020 – TVs new color gamut standard used by Dolby Vision?
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Black Body color aka the Planckian Locus curve for white point eye perception
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Glossary of Lighting Terms – cheat sheet
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