https://arxiv.org/pdf/2301.00250

https://www.xrstager.com/en/ai-based-motion-detection-without-cameras-using-wifi

Advances in computer vision and machine learning techniques have led to significant development in 2D and 3D human pose estimation using RGB cameras, LiDAR, and radars. However, human pose estimation from images is adversely affected by common issues such as occlusion and lighting, which can significantly hinder performance in various scenarios.

Radar and LiDAR technologies, while useful, require specialized hardware that is both expensive and power-intensive. Moreover, deploying these sensors in non-public areas raises important privacy concerns, further limiting their practical applications.

To overcome these limitations, recent research has explored the use of WiFi antennas, which are one-dimensional sensors, for tasks like body segmentation and key-point body detection. Building on this idea, the current study expands the use of WiFi signals in combination with deep learning architectures—techniques typically used in computer vision—to estimate dense human pose correspondence.

In this work, a deep neural network was developed to map the phase and amplitude of WiFi signals to UV coordinates across 24 human regions. The results demonstrate that the model is capable of estimating the dense pose of multiple subjects with performance comparable to traditional image-based approaches, despite relying solely on WiFi signals. This breakthrough paves the way for developing low-cost, widely accessible, and privacy-preserving algorithms for human sensing.

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scirobotics.abm5954